High-Resolution Audio (HRA) is any format beyond the 16-bit/44.1kHz CD standard, and HRA recordings normally use 24-bit encoding, allowing a much wider dynamic range than CD, and sampling rates all the way up to 192kHz, which is the current state of the art for commercial HRA recordings.

1. High Resolution Audio Downloads
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'With its ability to extract the best from high resolution music files, Pure Music - especially paired with a decent digital audio convertor and decent speakers - can make your Mac sound as good or better than a high-end CD player costing hundreds or thousands of dollars. That alone makes Pure Music a bargain.' So, high-end playback software works to buffer the audio signal and keep as much of the processing in the non-real-time zone (memory playback) as possible. The next step is to create as few duplications of the square wave as possible and get it to the computer's output as quickly as possible so as to avoid the introduction of jitter. You may need additional software / hardware to take full advantage of the higher 24-bit high-res audio formats, but any music lover that has heard 16-bit vs 24-bit will tell you it's worth it! Software for Mac OS X. ITunes: plays AIFF, it's free and you probably have it already! The best App in The Store for audio recording for Windows 10 (Mobile). You can record audio in High Resolution. High Resolution means that you can record up to 192kHz. This app has no limitations, the only limitation is the storage space on your phone. High-resolution audio sources have higher sound quality than a CD and greater detail, delivering sound that’s close to the original. Conventional music players do not support high-resolution audio source formats, or down-convert the data to CD quality for playback. IAudioGate supports a wide range of formats in order to play back high-resolution audio sources at their full quality.

High-resolution audio (High-definition audio or HD audio) is a technical and marketing term for audio with greater than 44.1 kHzsample rate or higher than 16-bit audio bit depth. It commonly refers to 96 or 192 kHz sample rates. However, there also exist 44.1 kHz/24-bit, 48 kHz/24-bit and 88.2 kHz/24-bit recordings that are labeled HD Audio.

Research into high resolution audio began in the late 1980s and high resolution audio content started to become available on the consumer market in 1996.^[1]

Definitions[edit]

High-resolution audio is generally used to refer to music files that have a higher sampling frequency and/or bit depth than that of Compact Disc Digital Audio (CD-DA), which operates at 44.1 kHz/16-bit.^[2]

The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), in cooperation with the Consumer Electronics Association, DEG: The Digital Entertainment Group, and The Recording Academy Producers & Engineers Wing, formulated the following definition of high-resolution audio in 2014: 'lossless audio capable of reproducing the full spectrum of sound from recordings which have been mastered from better than CD quality (48 kHz/20-bit or higher) music sources which represent what the artists, producers and engineers originally intended.'^[3]

File formats capable of storing high-resolution audio include FLAC, ALAC, WAV, AIFF and DSD, the format used by Super Audio Compact Discs (SACD).^[4]

History[edit]

High Resolution Audio Downloads

One of the first attempts to market high-resolution audio was High Definition Compatible Digital in 1995.^[5] This was followed by three more optical disc formats claiming sonic superiority over CD-DA: DAD in 1998, SACD in 1999, and DVD-Audio in 2000. None of these achieved widespread adoption.^[6]

Following the rise in online music retailing at the start of the 21st century, high-resolution audio downloads were introduced by HDtracks starting in 2008.^[6][7]

Further attempts to market high-resolution audio on optical disc followed with Pure Audio Blu-ray in 2009, and High Fidelity Pure Audio in 2013.^[8] Competition in online high-resolution audio retail stepped-up in 2014 with the announcement of Neil Young's Pono service.^[9]

High Resolution Audio Software Mac Pro

In 2014 the Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association (JEITA) announced a specification and accompanying 'Hi-Res AUDIO' logo for consumer audio products.^[10] Sony reaffirmed its commitment towards the development in the high-resolution audio segment by offering a slew of Hi-Res Audio products.^{[11][failed verification]}

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Controversy[edit]

Whether there is any benefit to high-resolution audio over CD-DA is controversial, with some sources claiming sonic superiority:

• 'The DSD process used for producing SACDs captures more of the nuances from a performance and reproduces them with a clarity and transparency not possible with CD.^[12]—The Mariinsky record label of the Mariinsky Ballet (formerly Kirov Ballet), St. Petersburg, Russia, that sells Super Audio CDs (SACDs)
• 'the main claimed benefit of high-resolution audio files is superior sound quality [..] 24-bit/96 kHz or 24-bit/192 kHz files should, therefore, more closely replicate the sound quality that the musicians and engineers were working with in the studio.'—What Hi-Fi?^[4]

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and with other opinions ranging from skeptical to highly critical:

• 'If they [the music business] cared about sound quality in the first place, they would make all of the releases sound great in every format they sell: MP3, FLAC, CD, iTunes, or LP.'—cnet^[13]
• 'Impractical overkill that nobody can afford'—Gizmodo^[2]
• 'A solution to a problem that doesn't exist, a business model based on willful ignorance and scamming people.'—Xiph.org^[14]

Mac Resolution App

Business magazine Bloomberg Businessweek suggests that caution is in order with regard to high-resolution audio: 'There is reason to be wary, given consumer electronics companies' history of pushing advancements whose main virtue is to require everyone to buy new gadgets.'^[15]

High resolution files that are downloaded from niche websites that cater to 'audiophile' listeners often include different mastering in the release – thus many comparisons of CD to 'special' releases are evaluating differences in mastering, rather than bit depth.^[16]

Most early papers using blind listening tests concluded that differences are not audible by the sample of listeners taking the test.^[17]Blind tests have shown that musicians and composers are unable to distinguish higher resolutions from 16-bit/48 kHz^[18] One 2014 paper showed that dithering using outdated methods (rectangular unshaped dither, rather than the industry standard triangular dither) produces audible artifacts in blind listening tests.^[19]

Since the Meyer-Moran study in 2007^[17], approximately 80 studies have been published on high-resolution audio, about half of which included blind tests. Dr. Joshua Reiss, of the Queen Mary University of London, and a member of the Audio Engineering Society (AES) Board of Governors, performed a meta-analysis on 20 of the published tests that included sufficient experimental detail and data. In a paper published in the July 2016 issue of the AES Journal,^[20] Dr. Reiss says that, although the individual tests had mixed results, and that the effect was 'perhaps small and difficult to detect,' the overall result was that trained listeners could distinguish between hi-resolution recordings and their CD equivalents under blind conditions: 'Overall, there was a small but statistically significant ability to discriminate between standard quality audio (44.1 or 48 kHz, 16 bit) and high resolution audio (beyond standard quality). When subjects were trained, the ability to discriminate was far more significant.'

References[edit]

1. ^Melchior, Vicki R. (2019-05-03). 'High Resolution Audio: A History and Perspective'. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. J. Audio Eng. Soc. 67 (5): 246–257. doi:10.17743/jaes.2018.0056.
2. ^ ^abAguilar, Mario (June 2013). 'What Is High-Resolution Audio?'. Gizmodo. Gawker Media. Retrieved 17 March 2014. High-resolution audio is a new industry marketing term
3. ^'High Resolution Audio Initiative Gets Major Boost with New 'Hi-Res MUSIC' Logo and Branding Materials for Digital Retailers'. The Recording Industry Association of America(RIAA). 2015-06-23. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
4. ^ ^ab'High-resolution audio: everything you need to know'. What Hi-Fi?. Haymarket Publishing. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
5. ^'Home Technology eMagazine - Classic Home Toys Installment #19 The Final CD Format: HDCD'. HomeToys. Archived from the original on 2014-03-18. Retrieved 2012-08-05. HDCD is capable of higher quality sound reproduction because HDCD encodes the equivalent of 20 bits worth of data
6. ^ ^ab'Definition of:high-resolution audio'. PCMag. Ziff Davis. Retrieved 18 March 2014. HDtracks (http://www.hdtracks.com) pioneered high-resolution audio via download
7. ^Lander, David (2014-10-21). 'Norman Chesky of HDtracks and Chesky Records'. Stereophile.com. Retrieved 2019-01-09.
8. ^'Universal Music bets on consumer longing for quality with hi-fi Pure Audio'. DVD & Beyond. Globalcom Limited. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
9. ^O'Malley Greenburg, Zack. 'How Neil Young's Pono Music Raised $2 Million in Two Days'. Forbes. Forbes.com LLC. Retrieved 15 March 2014. He’ll have some competition. Already, services like HDtracks.com have seen triple-digit growth in downloads of top-notch digital files
10. ^'Japan Audio Society - Hi-Res Audio Logo'. www.jas-audio.or.jp.
11. ^'Archived copy'. Archived from the original on 2018-12-01. Retrieved 2016-12-29.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
12. ^'What are the benefits of SACD?'. Mariinsky Label FAQ (Press release). Archived from the original on January 1, 2014. Retrieved January 1, 2014. this album is available to buy on SACDCS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
13. ^Guttenberg, Steve. 'What's up with Neil Young's Pono high-resolution music system?'. c net. CBS Interactive Inc. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
14. ^'24/192 Music Downloads and why they make no sense'. Xiph.Org Foundation. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
15. ^Brustein, Joshua. 'Music Snobs, Neil Young Has a Product for You'. BLOOMBERG BUSINESSWEEK. BLOOMBERG L.P. Retrieved 17 March 2014.
16. ^'Nine Inch Nails' 'Hesitation Marks' - Audiophile, or AudioFAIL ?'. Production Advice. 4 September 2013.
17. ^ ^ab'Audibility of a CD-Standard A/D/A Loop Inserted into High-Resolution Audio Playback'(PDF). J. Audio Eng. Soc. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
18. ^On a testé.. la musique en haute définition.
19. ^Jackson, Helen M.; Capp, Michael D.; Stuart, J. Robert. 'The Audibility of Typical Digital Audio Filters in a High-Fidelity Playback System'. J. Audio Eng. Soc. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
20. ^Reiss, Joshua D. (2016-06-27). 'A Meta-Analysis of High Resolution Audio Perceptual Evaluation'. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. J. Audio Eng. Soc. 64 (6): 364–379. doi:10.17743/jaes.2016.0015.